";s:4:"text";s:13245:"Georgetown University Archives The Jesuits had sold off individual slaves before. Against the conditions agreed upon, families were separated due to this sale. [1] The Jesuits received land patents from Lord Baltimore in 1636, were gifted land in the some Catholic Marylanders' wills, and purchased some land on their own, eventually becoming substantial landowners in the colony. The notation betrayed no hint of the turmoil on board. In November, the university agreed to remove the names of the Rev. The hope was to eventually identify the slaves descendants. Dubuisson described how the public reputation of the Jesuits in Washington and Virginia declined as a result of the sale. (Ms. Bayonne-Johnson discovered her connection through an earlier effort by the university to publish records online about the Jesuit plantations.). It lists the slaves by name according to plantation where they lived, identifies family groups, and records which ship (1, 2, or 3) they were shipped in. To see the full listing of posts, click on our Blog list, For Black History Month 2020, we posted daily. Your source for jobs, books, retreats, and much more. Now comes the task of making amends. Last edited on 25 February 2023, at 03:24, Jesuit Conference of Canada and the United States, abolition of slavery in the United States, Slavery at American colleges and universities, "Where were the Jesuit plantations in Maryland? Thomas F. Mulledy, president of Georgetown from 1829 to 1838, and again from 1845 to 1848, arranged the sale. The university itself owes its existence to this history, said Adam Rothman, a historian at Georgetown and a member of a university working group that is studying ways for the institution to acknowledge and try to make amends for its tangled roots in slavery. Share with your friends! Leaders in policy, business, technology, science, history, arts and culture engaged with top journalists on the most consequential issues of our time. Amazing! But this was no ordinary slave sale. (RNS) A genealogical association has launched a new website detailing the family histories of slaves who were sold to keep Catholic-run Georgetown University from bankruptcy in . Other industries made loads of money indirectly. people, women and others in the Catholic Church, Cardinal Cupich: Critics of Pope Francis Latin Mass restrictions should listen to JPII. Consider the following list: Top 10 Countries with the Highest Prevalence of Modern Slavery (by slaves per 1000 residents) - Global Slavery Index 2018: North Korea - 104.6 (10.46%) Eritrea - 93 (9.3%) Burundi - 40 (4.0%) Central African Republic . [24] When he returned in November to gather the rest of the slaves, the plantation managers had their slaves flee and hide. Mismanaged and inefficient, the Maryland plantations no longer offered a reliable source of income for Georgetown College, which had been founded in 1789. Enslaved, marginalized and forced into illiteracy by laws that prohibited them from learning to read and write, many seem like ghosts who pass through this world without leaving a trace. [7] In 1830, the new Superior General, Jan Roothaan, returned Kenney to the United States, specifically to address the question of whether the Jesuits should divest themselves of their rural plantations altogether, which by this time had almost completely paid down their debt. Many institutions owned slaves and Georgetown University was no exception. We encourage you to use these links as we receive a small royalty paid by the partner allowing you to help us without cost to you. We pray with you today because we have greatly sinned and because we are profoundly sorry. This message was delivered to more than 100 descendants of the original enslaved people who had been sol to finance the institution. In the uproar that followed, he was called to Rome and reassigned. Join Amazon Prime Watch Thousands of Movies & TV Shows Anytime . But six years after he appeared in the census, and about three decades after the birth of his first child, he renewed his wedding vows with the blessing of a priest. We shop for the best values for you. Despite coverage of the Maryland Jesuits' slave ownership and the 1838 sale in academic literature, news of these facts came as a surprise to the public in 2015, prompting a study of Georgetown University's and Jesuits' historical relationship with slavery. A Jesuit reports on the slaves' religious life in Louisiana, 1848, Chatham Plantation, Ascension Parish, Louisiana. Central concepts and key points are illustrated through campus examples. To this day the search continues. The sale however is the largest one acknowledged to date. A photograph of Frank Campbell, one of 272 slaves sold to keep Georgetown University afloat, was found in a scrapbook at Nicholls State University in Louisiana. American Ancestors announced the new GU272 Memory Project website on June 19, the anniversary of Juneteenth, the day in 1865 when some American slaves learned they had been freed. As a result, he had to sell his property in the 1840s and renegotiate the terms of his payment. This was only a portion of the slaves bought and sold by the Maryland Jesuits over time.[1]. She was the citys first black woman television anchor. The church records helped lead to a 69-year-old woman in Baton Rouge named Maxine Crump. Several substitutions were made to the initial list of those to be sold, and 91 of those initially listed remained in Maryland. Although modern slavery is not always easy to recognize, it continues to exist in nearly every country. On June 19, 1838, the Maryland Province of the Society of Jesus agreed to sell 272 slaves to two Louisiana planters, Henry Johnson and Jesse Batey, for $115,000 (equivalent to approximately $2.96 million in 2021). This is not a disembodied group of people, who are nameless and faceless, said Mr. Cellini, 52, whose company, Briefcase Analytics, is based in Cambridge, Mass. [40] The remaining $17,000, equivalent to approximately $440,000 in 2021,[25] was used to offset part of Georgetown College's $30,000 of debt that had accrued during the construction of buildings during Mulledy's prior presidency of the college. The students organized a protest and a sit-in, using the hashtag #GU272 for the slaves who were sold. Georgetown and the College of the Holy Cross renamed buildings, and the Jesuit Conference of Canada and the United States pledged to raise $100 million for the descendants of slaves owned by the Jesuits. He was valued at $900. American Ancestors announced the new GU272 Memory Project website on Wednesday (June 19), the anniversary of Juneteenth, the day in 1865 when some American slaves learned they had been freed. Some slaves pleaded for rosaries as they were rounded up, praying for deliverance. Most of the 314 enslaved people were sent to Louisiana, but about a third remained in Maryland or were sold to other locations, according to an article on the website. Alfred "Teen" Blackburn (1842-1951), one of the last living survivors of slavery in the United States who had a clear recollection of it. A few priests expressed qualms about the morality of human trafficking to Jesuit authorities, although most were concerned with the threat a heavily Protestant South would undoubtedly present to the slaves Catholic faith, it reads. if you are trying to comment, you must log in or set up a new account. The next year, Pope Gregory XVI explicitly barred Catholics from engaging in this traffic in Blacks no matter what pretext or excuse.. And she would like to see Corneliuss name, and those of his parents and children, inscribed on a memorial on campus. New England ship builders made ships to bring people to this country. [22], In October 1836, Roothaan officially authorized the Maryland Jesuits to sell their slaves, so long as three conditions were satisfied: the slaves were to be permitted to practice their Catholic faith, their families were not to be separated, and the proceeds of the sale had to be used to support Jesuits in training,[23] rather than to pay down debts. Thomas R. Murphy, a historian at Seattle University who has written a book about the Jesuits and slavery. Hundreds of Blacks were slaughtered and 10,000 left homeless in this largely unknown event. Slaves Transported on the Katherine Jackson of Georgetown, Arriving New Orleans 6 Dec 1838, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1838_Jesuit_slave_sale, https://slaveryarchive.georgetown.edu/items/show/9, https://gu272.americanancestors.org/family/all-families, https://gu272.americanancestors.org/sites/default/files/2022-01/GMP%20Ancestor%20Database%202019%2002%2008%20%281%29%20%281%29.xlsx, Send a private message to the Profile Manager, Ascension Parish, Louisiana, Slave Owners, Iberville Parish, Louisiana, Slave Owners, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, Public Comments: IMPORTANT PRIVACY NOTICE & DISCLAIMER: YOU HAVE A RESPONSIBILITY TO USE CAUTION WHEN DISTRIBUTING PRIVATE INFORMATION. [26] Johnson and Batey were to be held jointly and severally liable and each additionally identified a responsible party as a guarantor. [42], Before the abolition of slavery in the United States in 1865, many slaves sold by the Jesuits changed ownership several times. [35][34] Benedict Fenwick, the Bishop of Boston, privately lamented the fate of the slaves and considered the sale an extreme measure. You can either click on the link in your confirmation email or simply re-enter your email address below to confirm it. He listened . Start Free Trial Now Our membership program offers special benefits for just $99 per year: *Unlimited instant streaming of thousands of movies and TV shows, *FREE Two-Day Shipping on millions of items, *Unlimited, ad-free streaming of over a million songs and more Prime benefits, Join Amazon Prime Watch Thousands of Movies & TV Shows Anytime Start Free Trial Now. The presidents of Harvard University and Georgetown University discuss their institutions historic ties to slavery in a conversation with Ta-Nehisi Coates. Melvin Robert and Joya Mia Italiano look into Georgetown Universitys response on the Lip News. Behind her are sugar plantations and the sugar mill where her ancestors worked. This resulted in families being split for economic reasons with no consideration of human relationships. A problem can is not solved without first recognizing it, discussing it and taking steps to rectify the long term damage that continues to this day. In letters written to Jesuit superiors in Maryland, one priest who accidentally crossed paths with the slaves in Louisiana after the sale bemoaned the fact that the slaves couldnt practice Catholicism.. After the Jesuits vacated the buildings, Ryan and Mulledy Halls lay vacant, while Gervase Hall was put to other use. [48] In 1977, the Maryland Province named Georgetown's Lauinger Library as the custodian of its historic archives, which were made available to the public through the Georgetown University Library, Saint Louis University Library, and Maryland State Library. [32] An unknown number of slaves may also have run away and escaped transportation. To see the posts, click here. The truth was closer to home than anyone knew", "272 Slaves Were Sold to Save Georgetown. [9] The main crops grown were tobacco and corn. The internal slave trade in the United States, also known as the domestic slave trade, the Second Middle Passage and the interregional slave trade, was the term for the domestic trade of enslaved people within the United States that reallocated slaves across states during the Antebellum period.It was most significant after 1808, when the importation of slaves was prohibited. ", New England Historic Genealogical Society, "They thought Georgetown University's missing slaves were 'lost.' In 1870, he appeared in the census for the first time. At Georgetown, slavery and scholarship were inextricably linked. Richard Cellini, the chief executive of a technology company and a Georgetown alumnus, hired eight genealogists to track down the slaves and their descendants. Required fields are marked *. So in June 1838, he negotiated a deal with Henry Johnson, a member of the House of Representatives, and Jesse Batey, a landowner in Louisiana, to sell Cornelius and the others. Upon receipt of these 51, Johnson and Batey were to pay the first $25,000. [37] Roothaan was particularly concerned because it had become clear that, contrary to his order, families had been separated by the slaves' new owners. To pay that debt, the Jesuits who ran the school, under the auspices of the Maryland Province of the Society of Jesus, sold 272 slaves -- the very people that helped build the school itself.. She listened, stunned, as he told her about her great-great-grandfather, Cornelius Hawkins, who had labored on a plantation just a few miles from where she grew up. [16] Mulledy in particular felt that the plantations were a drain on the Maryland Jesuits; he urged selling the plantations as well as the slaves, believing the Jesuits were only able to support either their estates or their schools in growing urban areas: Georgetown College in Washington, D.C. and St. John's College in Frederick, Maryland. ";s:7:"keyword";s:44:"list of slaves sold by georgetown university";s:5:"links";s:344:"Perimeter Of Triangle With Vertices Calculator,
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