";s:4:"text";s:24176:"Continuity and Change from 1450 to 1750. Islam was still being spread. The spread of Islam into East Asia. 1. Demonstrated tolerance to Hindus and Rajputs and developed strong military and empire. During this time, Muslim merchants established themselves further in North Africa and the Indian Ocean, which is why Islam is a dominant religion in those regions. nothing large enough for. His rule is seen as the epitome of absolutist monarchy, limited monarchy (constitutional monarchy). Frost's investment adviser has recommended an increased international equity exposure. Families were separated and there was a gender imbalance because more men were taken than women. Unit 4: Labor Systems, 1450 - 1750 C. Encomienda Chattel Slavery Russian Serfdom Define the labor system Include the general role/purpose Were there revolts or rebellions associated with it? Besides his six marriages, Henry VIII is known for his role in the separation of the Church of England from the Roman Catholic Church, English Queen who ruled for 44 years and provided welcome stability for the kingdom and helped forge a sense of national identity, By the 1500's this was more of a union of territories. Possible Answers: The second employee receives the merchandise. Rise of a global trade network. In the British North American colonies, Europeans, Natives, and African slaves remained separate classes that rarely mixed. Changes in Trade. rebellions The Spanish conquest of the New World and establishment of profitable colonies led to a restructuring of the social order. Unit: 1450 - 1750 Renaissance and Reformation. profits of their land. How did Maritime (sea-based) Empires exert and expand their power? They established a. France and England were not as financially stable. Throughout East Asia, the development of Neo-Confucianism solidified a cultural identity. Evidence of the continued influence of Asian traders included the following: Asian states could limit the access of European merchants to their economies. 1861 was when the serfdom officially ended A sample of size n = 15 has variance s2s^2s2 = 35. . Between 1450 and 1750, the Americas began to mark their place in the world, proving they were just as relevant as Europe, Africa, or Asia. c. International investments are inherently more risky. Elisabeth Tarrillion, a management consultant, was hired by Shoe Crafter, Inc. to analyze data provided by the Human Resource, Budget, Accounting, and Payroll Departments. The system is active all week and backed up every Friday night. Justifications for slavery. Match. The work of harvesting cash crops and mining silver was labor intensive. Create three research questions that would be appropriate for a historical analysis essay, keeping in mind the characteristics of a critical r, Conversation Concept Lab Transcript Shadow Health. Prepare consolidation worksheet entries for December 31, 2020, and December 31, 2021. The unsuccessful attempt by the British Empire to establish diplomatic relations with the Qing Empire. Europeans introduced new systems of forced labor and slavery into the Americas to meet their labor needs and produce as cheaply as possible. with the Emancipation Manifesto (March 3rd Indigenous communities were originally enslaved, but they were not a viable long term plan for free/cheap labor. Americas that was in the process of The demographic effects of the slave trade in Africa were unprecedented. The demand for exploration led to new technological innovations. The English. The Church lost power as it was challenged. Without the slave trade, African kingdoms would have continued to strengthen and could have prevented centuries of turmoil in the region. Similarly, labor needs in one area can be filled by migration or . the increase in input prices. The economy leaned more towards capitalism. In AP World History: Modern, Unit 4 spans from 1450 CE to 1750 CE and accounts for 12-15% of the material on the exam. system abolished Was there a faster route going west? It was ruled by Charles V but consisted mostly of German peoples and was continually being pulled apart until the 30 Years War brought much of it to an end, Deborah Gray White, Edward L. Ayers, Jess F. de la Teja, Robert D. Schulzinger, World History and Geography: Modern Times. In North America, the Spanish had control of the southwest regions, central America, and Florida. favor. Largely a kingdom of city-states that worked for mutual benefit, the Maya were able to build large temples, cities, and trade networks. While indentured servants living conditions were rough, they had some legal protections that prevented them from the worst exploitation and violence in other American forced and slave labor systems. In the end his voyage was the first to circumnavigate the world. This system was developed to allow serfs European conquest resulted in new economic systems and production methods in the Americas that produced products for commercial exchange through regional and international trade. Explain the continuities and changes in economic systems and labor systems from 1450-1750. AverageHiringCost,PerHire,ByCategory. first evidence for Explain changes and continuities in systems of slavery in the period from 1450 to 1750. second evidence for Explain changes and continuities in systems of slavery in the period from 1450 to 1750. Indigenous people divided up among Spanish settlers to be Christianized and forced to provide labor for mines and plantations, food production, and textiles. Most kidnapped slaves were men, which left a gender imbalance in favor of women, especially in Ghana and Benin. A system instituted by Spain in which residents of Indian villages remained legally free and entitled to wages, but were still required to perform a fixed amount of labor each year; replaced the encomienda system in 1550. farmers paid in vouchers that could only be used at landowner's stores. 3. While Russia remained an agricultural society, the West became very commercially active and developed a strong manufacturing base. inventory. Disease wiped out most of the population and many that were left were able to escape because of superior knowledge of the land. Changes in Technology. By 1450, Europeans were set on finding a faster route to Asia. New World settlers of European descent born in the New World, people of European and African descent ancestry, middle-level status between Europeans and pure minorities (made up of mezitos and mulattoes), king's representatives in the New World who were given much leeway their ability to rule in the name of Spain or Portugal, system which gave encomenderos, or Spanish settlers, the right to force natives to work, system of forced labor in Peru, used as a basis by the Europeans to create a new forced labor system on the natives, practice of Europeans to essentially sell years of their freedom in exchange for passage to the New World, the dramatic widespread exchange of the animals, plants, culture and human populations (including slaves), communicable diseases, and ideas between the Eastern and Western hemispheres (Old World to New World), clockwise network of sea routes between Africa, America, and Europe, the stage of the triangular trade in which millions of people from Africa were taken to the New World, as part of the Atlantic slave trade. 18th century, but in September of 1721, It fell due to inflation, cost of Janissaries, and too much tax. New languages developed as a blend of different dialects, such as Creole. the labor of conquered non-Christian Learn. labor system Anita had (*spend*) a long evening baby-sitting the active two-year-old. land. Although the world's productive systems continued to be heavily centered on agricultural production throughout this period, major changes occurred in agricultural labor, the systems and locations of manufacturing, gender and social structures, and environmental processes. ryanod52. 3. The owners of these lands turned them into large estates called haciendas for economic production. In New Mexico, the encomienda system granted elite Spanish settlers far greater rights in the labor of Pueblo villagers, but the Pueblos retained crucial legal rights. Slowed population growth also weakened economic production. However, there was a business opportunity in the search for resources. Europeans had far less impact on the economic systems in Asia. After their terms of service ended, most indentured servants stayed in the Americas. Other Quizlet sets. Encomienda System - American Feudalism. after they realized they were being exploited. as the right to own property, or a business, Video Guide - Unit 4 WHAP Review (c. 1450-1750 CE)Transoceanic Interconnections System? Latisha has put a password in place that allows only the boss access to the file where pay rates are changed and personnel are added or deleted from the payroll. Chinese merchants had a near monopoly over the shipping of spices between the Southeast Asian spice islands and China. Flashcards. Over time, the Portuguese became more exploitative to expand their powers. Coercive Labor Systems - slavery vs. other coercive labor system. Cultural and Intellectual Developments. Required: 1. Match. ShoeCrafter,Inc.\textbf{Shoe Crafter, Inc.} Key Concepts: 4.3.II.C. Serfs were obliged to furnish labor services or money payments as the lord saw fit. The Portuguese led the way to Sub-Saharan Africa and present-day China, India, Indonesia, but their first to market advantage didnt last long. This is the period in Africa where European contact starts. rounded up and shipped off to America and Region of the Atlantic coast of West Africa occupied by modern Ghana; named for its gold exports to Europe from the 1470s onward. How did issues and tensions emerging from World War I create the anger and violence of $1919$. In the Spanish and Portuguese colonies, things were different. Peoples of the Russian empire who lived outside farming villages, often as outlaws. For example, gunpowder developed by the Chinese changed the method of conquest and made its way through South Asia, the Middle East, and Europe. Mita under the Spanish: Under the Spanish, Mita became a system of exploitation. Find an answer to your question Explain the continuities and changed in economic systems and labor systems from 1450 to 1750. maya8122 maya8122 12/16/2019 History Middle School . In 1685, the Catholic King James II ascended to the throne and began enacting anti-Protestant policies. Draw a new isoquant to show the combination of capital and labor that minimizes total cost, given Africa was targeted for labor in the Americas because Indigenous populations were decimated by disease and were able to escape with knowledge of the land and the ability to blend in with other Natives. (peasants) to eventually buy land and gain William of Orange was backed by Protestants to overthrow him. New labor systems The owner of Super Pharmacy uses a check software/printer to prepare checks, making it difficult for anyone to alter the amount of a check. Sexual exploitation of female serfs by their lords was common. The following graph illustrates the combination of capital and labor (point A) that minimizes the firms cost of producing 5,000 pairs of shoes. : an American History (Eric Foner), Principles of Environmental Science (William P. Cunningham; Mary Ann Cunningham), Psychology (David G. Myers; C. Nathan DeWall), Business Law: Text and Cases (Kenneth W. Clarkson; Roger LeRoy Miller; Frank B. The most common destination for slaves was Brazil because sugar was so harsh to cultivate that the lifespan of slaves was extremely short (5-10% of slaves died every year). Before 1800 most were Europeans; after 1800 most indentured laborers were Asians. The Cossacks under Yemelyan Pugachev rebelled against, South Asia, which includes modern-day India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh, has a majority population of Hindus and a strong minority of Muslims. The buying and selling of slaves to transport across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas. the verb in parentheses. grandson of Babur; ruled the Mughal Empire from 1556-1605. The barter economy (exchanging goods or services for other goods or services) changed to a money economy (goods and services paid for with currency). began due to this system. ed with Include Before 1450, regional trade was all the rage as the Silk Roads, Indian Ocean network, and Trans-Saharan routes exploded with more merchants and goods flowing. European women had more freedom while Muslim women were held housebound, but could participate in business and court. Monty Frost's tax-deferred retirement account is invested entirely in equity securities. Spanish and it rewarded conquerors with Marriage arrangements changed in the social hierarchy. Slavery. If you controlled one of these territories, you were legally allowed to force indigenous people to pay taxes, work for you, or provide other goods or services. Many farmers were in a consistent state of debt to the hacienda owner. After their conquest of the Americas, Europeans established new economic systems across the region. The Spanish. #traderace. A contract 2 individuals sign in which one Explain how each of Frost's comments can be countered by using an argument from standard finance. The Columbian Exchange b. Trade between Europe and Asia had to go through the Mediterranean, which was controlled by Italian city-states. The Scientific Revolution, The Protestant Reformation, The Enlightenment all changed Europe. As states expanded power, they were consistently met with resistance and rebellion. Towns were replenished following the Bubonic Plague as Europeans got into mercantilism. Unit IV Important Changes and Continuities 14, World History and Geography: Modern Times. Explain how rulers employed economic strategies to consolidate and maintain power from 1450-1750. Suppose both the wage rate and the rental price of machinery doubles. utilized this labor associated with development by the Europeans, this system is Before 1492, the Americas were isolated from Africa, Europe, and Asia. European society was ruled by a royal family that gained enormous wealth from trade and corruption. His voyages across the Atlantic Ocean led to general European awareness of the American continents, agreement which divided the newly discovered lands outside Europe between Spain and Portugal, Spanish conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire, Aztech emperor who ruled during the beginning of the Spanish invasion, Spanish conquistador who conquered the Incan Empire. to which they were attached. The middle class included the military, scholars, and other bureaucratic groups. Apart of the Triangular Trade where Africans were on their way to the New World. Label this combination point B. Learn. Most of the native literature, art, and languages were completely destroyed, which left very few primary sources from before 1450. Economic systems were disrupted as trade intensified. Sold as goods. The changes in economic policy and increased trade led to innovations in finances, business, and banking. 30 seconds. AP World Labor systems 1450-1750 w. Flashcards. coercive labor systems in unit 4 - (1450-1750) started during this period, partly because of the clear cut racial differences between africans and the europeans who bought them, slaves came to be viewed as a transferable product (chattel). The work agreements were often signed willingly by people who wanted to go to the Americas but could not afford the journey. These groups included, Hunting, gathering, and small-scale agriculture, Agriculture for profit became increasingly important, Not connected to commerce in Afro-Eurasia, Comparing the American Economy Before and After the Arrival of Europeans, Video: Indentured servitude in the Americas, Unit 6: Consequences of Industrialization, 1.1B: Chinas Cultural Influence on its Neighbors, 1.2E: Governance Across the Islamic World, 1.2F: Technology and Innovation in the Islamic World, 1.3G: Cultural Developments in South and Southeast Asia, 1.3H: Governance in South and Southeast Asia, 1.6M: Agriculture and European Social Organization, 2.2B: The Rise of the Mongols and the Mongol Empire, 2.2C: The Mongols and Eurasian Trade and Communication, 2.2D: The Mongols and and Technological and Cultural Transfer, 2.3 E: The Causes of Indian Ocean Commerce, 2.3 F: The Effects of Indian Ocean Commerce, 2.3 G Indian Ocean Trade and the Monsoon Winds, 2.4 I: West African Empires and Trans-Saharan Trade, 2.5J: Cultural Consequences of Connectivity, 2.6K: Environmental Consequences of Connectivity, 3.2B: Empires Expand: Weapons and State Rivalries, 4.2B: State Support for Maritime Expansion, 4.2C: Economic Causes and Effects of European Maritime Exploration, 4.4.F: Continuities and Changes in Economic and Labor Systems, 4.4.G: Changes and Continuities in Slavery, 4.5H: Rulers Economic Strategies to Consolidate and Maintain Power, 4.5I: Continuities and Changes in Networks of Exchange, 4.5J: Changing Social Structures from 1450 to 1750, 4.5K: Expansion and Change in Existing Religions, 5.1B The Enlightenment and Movements of Liberation, 5.6G: The Governments Role in Industrialization, 5.7H: Economic Innovations and Developments in the Industrial Age, 5.8I: Reforms and modernization in Japan, China, and the Ottoman Empire, 6.2B: Japanese, Russian, and American Imperialism, 6.3C: Indigenous Responses to State Expansion, 6.4D: Global Economic Developments from 1750 to 1900, 6.5E: Economic Imperialism from 1750 to 1900, 6.6F & G: Environmental and Economic Causes of Migration, 8.1A: Setting the Stage for the Cold War and Decolonization. Economic disputes led to rivalries and conflict between states. Labor given annually to the state (or political and religious elites) for the construction and maintenance of roads, bridges, temples . These empires monopolized the manufacture of guns and with it, gunpowder. In addition, forced labor was an important constant . Native Americans did not have biological immunity to the common diseases brought by Europeans like smallpox and typhoid. The original intent of the system was to The Commercial Revolution was the expansion of trade and commerce across Europe. These new markets were profitable, but could only be sustained with a lot of cheap or free labor. 2023 Fiveable Inc. All rights reserved. peasants of Russia) were sold with the land Prepare the journal entry for American Food Services at the beginning of the lease on January 1, 2016. After Zheng Hes explorations, the Ming dynasty retreated into isolationist policies. In what ways did Europe's interest in trade affect the population? Barton and Barton completed construction of the machine on January 1, 2016. Slavery was a major driver of maritime trade relations. Mughal Empire tomb dedicated to a shah's wife, Hindu practice of suicide of widows by jumping on husband's pyre, Finished the process of expelling Mongols - centralized czar's power, Russian nobility, resisted attempts at modernization, Russian ruler who westernized Russia - desired warm water port. Well skip *(desert, $\underline{{dessert}}$)* so we wont be late to the movie. Create a quizlet deck to make sure you are familiar with these terms! The slave trade and the use trade such as the triangular trade were very common during this time-period due to the rise in plantations, causing a diverse region in South America. Christianity also spread throughout Africa. Since the two units in this period are BOTH about Empire Building so are most . In West Africa, European merchants and missionaries reached inland to the Kongo and Benin. The elite and entrepreneurial western Europeans who settled in the Americas sought laborers to cultivate cash crops, mine for precious metals, tend livestock, provide . In theory, the heads of encomienda did not own native lands. Serfdom was still the basic social institution. There's a big difference between the rich and poor. The Atlantic System c. The Middle Passage d. The Sea Road AP WORLD HISTORY ULTIMATE REVIEW PACKET UNIT 4 (1450-1750) Cash crops were profitable, but required a lot of labor. Labor systems are the types of labor and work done by workers. If they could fast a quicker route to Asia, profits would balloon and religious ideologies would spread. Many tribes participated, although some sided with the English. THESIS for Explain changes and continuities in systems of slavery in the period from 1450 to 1750. Economic systems include what types of goods societies produce, how they produce them, and how wealth and resources and wealth are across the population. Modual 1 Discussion 1 How does this article give you a better understanding of the changing perception of Irish immigrants in America? The Labor System was ran by 12the 1 / 25. After her death, the Portuguese gained control of the region until well 1975. Test. More from Heimler's History:AP World History ULTIMATE REVIEW PACKET: https://www.ultimatereviewpacket.com/courses/world-historyAP Essay CRAM Course: https://. A number of acts passed by both the American and the British governments fostered the decline of indentures. Thematic Focus: Social Interactions and Organization Essential Question: In what ways did slavery labor systems change and stay the same as trade networks expanded between 1450 and 1750? After Spanish: When the spanish To remove the persistent oil stain on the driveway, Dan had to Identify each italicized phrase in the following paragraph as a prepositional phrase, a participial phrase, a gerund phrase, an infinitive phrase, or an appositive phrase. Encomienda and hacienda were quasi (partially) feudal systems imposed by the Spanish on indigenous peoples in the Caribbean and other Spanish-conquered lands in the Americas and the Philippines. Slaves Mita Encomienda. Global trade was insanely profitable and new elite classes enjoyed this wealth. Unit 4: Labor Systems, 1450 - 1750 C. Encomienda Chattel Slavery Russian Serfdom Define the labor system Include the general role/purpose Were there revolts or rebellions associated with it? An external challenge to the state usually comes from neighboring states or other colonizing forces in the region. They connected the economy of the Americas with the economies of Afro-Eurasia through new trade routes across the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Mining operations:Europeans also sought mineral wealth in the Americas. Pugachvs rebellion was a result of serfdom. Ethnic divisions: The majority Han ethnicity faced the most intolerance from the Qing. They gave lower class white workers. More centralized governments were established which gave more power to the King's. Spanish and Portuguese Empires. There were slaves, the mit'a, and encomienda. . Slaves were captured, transported to holding pens (Points of No Return), and then crammed on ships for the. No other European merchants could enter Japanthose that tried were executed. process of building European colonies in the Both groups would experience a, In Russia, the social classes were similar to the rest of Europe, except that they continued to practice serfdom. Europeans introduced exploitative labor systems to maximize commercial profits. However, it was a process of trial and error, since labor systems saw manyshow more content. In the Americas, the Spanish established the e, Meanwhile, the silver trade was insanely profitable for the Spanish and the mines at. Jamaica had a growing slave population throughout this time period. Between 1450 and 1750 there were several examples of states attempting this balancing act. Encomienda: Spanish monarchs gave control over large territories (encomienda) to people they felt had served Spain and the monarchyusually successful conquistadors. government intervened in the market to protect domestic industries, companies organized commercial ventures by allowing investors to buy and sell shares which shared the risk of business ventures. The Inca empire, then the Spanish Empire America Mexico, It was abolished in 1812 240 years after it ";s:7:"keyword";s:34:"labor systems 1450 to 1750 quizlet";s:5:"links";s:676:"Why Is Lawton, Ok So Dangerous,
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